IntraSearch.cpp

/* The copyright in this software is being made available under the BSD
 * License, included below. This software may be subject to other third party
 * and contributor rights, including patent rights, and no such rights are
 * granted under this license.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2010-2023, ITU/ISO/IEC
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *  * Neither the name of the ITU/ISO/IEC nor the names of its contributors may
 *    be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *    specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
 * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/** \file     EncSearch.cpp
 *  \brief    encoder intra search class
 */

#include "IntraSearch.h"

#include "EncModeCtrl.h"

#include "CommonLib/CommonDef.h"
#include "CommonLib/Rom.h"
#include "CommonLib/Picture.h"
#include "CommonLib/UnitTools.h"
#if JVET_V0094_BILATERAL_FILTER || JVET_X0071_CHROMA_BILATERAL_FILTER
#include "CommonLib/BilateralFilter.h"
#endif

#include "CommonLib/dtrace_next.h"
#include "CommonLib/dtrace_buffer.h"

#include <math.h>
#include <limits>
 //! \ingroup EncoderLib
 //! \{
#define PLTCtx(c) SubCtx( Ctx::Palette, c )
IntraSearch::IntraSearch()
  : m_pSplitCS      (nullptr)
  , m_pFullCS       (nullptr)
  , m_pBestCS       (nullptr)
  , m_pcEncCfg      (nullptr)
#if JVET_V0094_BILATERAL_FILTER || JVET_X0071_CHROMA_BILATERAL_FILTER
  , m_bilateralFilter(nullptr)
#endif
  , m_pcTrQuant     (nullptr)
  , m_pcRdCost      (nullptr)
  , m_pcReshape     (nullptr)
  , m_CABACEstimator(nullptr)
  , m_ctxCache      (nullptr)
  , m_isInitialized (false)
{
  for( uint32_t ch = 0; ch < MAX_NUM_TBLOCKS; ch++ )
  {
    m_pSharedPredTransformSkip[ch] = nullptr;
  }
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LUMA_MODE; i++)
  {
    m_intraPredBuf[i] = nullptr;
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < SGPM_NUM; i++)
  {
    m_sgpmPredBuf[i] = nullptr;
  }
#endif

  m_truncBinBits = nullptr;
  m_escapeNumBins = nullptr;
  m_minErrorIndexMap = nullptr;
  for (unsigned i = 0; i < (MAXPLTSIZE + 1); i++)
  {
    m_indexError[i] = nullptr;
  }
  for (unsigned i = 0; i < NUM_TRELLIS_STATE; i++)
  {
    m_statePtRDOQ[i] = nullptr;
  }

  ::memset( m_indexMapRDOQ, 0, sizeof( m_indexMapRDOQ ) );
  ::memset( m_runMapRDOQ, false, sizeof( m_runMapRDOQ ) );
  ::memset( m_prevRunTypeRDOQ, false, sizeof( m_prevRunTypeRDOQ ) );
  ::memset( m_prevRunPosRDOQ, 0, sizeof( m_prevRunPosRDOQ ) );
  ::memset( m_stateCostRDOQ, 0, sizeof( m_stateCostRDOQ ) );
}


void IntraSearch::destroy()
{
  CHECK( !m_isInitialized, "Not initialized" );

  if( m_pcEncCfg )
  {
    const uint32_t uiNumLayersToAllocateSplit = 1;
    const uint32_t uiNumLayersToAllocateFull  = 1;
    const int uiNumSaveLayersToAllocate = 2;

    for( uint32_t layer = 0; layer < uiNumSaveLayersToAllocate; layer++ )
    {
      m_pSaveCS[layer]->destroy();
      delete m_pSaveCS[layer];
    }

    uint32_t numWidths  = gp_sizeIdxInfo->numWidths();
    uint32_t numHeights = gp_sizeIdxInfo->numHeights();

    for( uint32_t width = 0; width < numWidths; width++ )
    {
      for( uint32_t height = 0; height < numHeights; height++ )
      {
        if( gp_sizeIdxInfo->isCuSize( gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom( width ) ) && gp_sizeIdxInfo->isCuSize( gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom( height ) )
          && gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width) <= m_pcEncCfg->getMaxCUWidth() && gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height) <= m_pcEncCfg->getMaxCUHeight())
        {
          for( uint32_t layer = 0; layer < uiNumLayersToAllocateSplit; layer++ )
          {
            m_pSplitCS[width][height][layer]->destroy();

            delete m_pSplitCS[width][height][layer];
          }

          for( uint32_t layer = 0; layer < uiNumLayersToAllocateFull; layer++ )
          {
            m_pFullCS[width][height][layer]->destroy();

            delete m_pFullCS[width][height][layer];
          }

          delete[] m_pSplitCS[width][height];
          delete[] m_pFullCS [width][height];

          m_pBestCS[width][height]->destroy();
          m_pTempCS[width][height]->destroy();

          delete m_pTempCS[width][height];
          delete m_pBestCS[width][height];
        }
      }

      delete[] m_pSplitCS[width];
      delete[] m_pFullCS [width];

      delete[] m_pTempCS[width];
      delete[] m_pBestCS[width];
    }

    delete[] m_pSplitCS;
    delete[] m_pFullCS;

    delete[] m_pBestCS;
    delete[] m_pTempCS;

    delete[] m_pSaveCS;
  }

  m_pSplitCS = m_pFullCS = nullptr;

  m_pBestCS = m_pTempCS = nullptr;

  m_pSaveCS = nullptr;

  for( uint32_t ch = 0; ch < MAX_NUM_TBLOCKS; ch++ )
  {
    delete[] m_pSharedPredTransformSkip[ch];
    m_pSharedPredTransformSkip[ch] = nullptr;
  }

#if JVET_AC0119_LM_CHROMA_FUSION
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 2; i++)
  {
    m_predStorage[i].destroy();
  }
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; i++)
  {
    m_fusionStorage[i].destroy();
  }
#endif

#if JVET_AD0120_LBCCP
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < LBCCP_FILTER_MMLMNUM; i++)
  {
    m_lmPredFiltStorage[i].destroy();
  }
#endif

#if JVET_AB0143_CCCM_TS
#if JVET_AD0202_CCCM_MDF
  for (uint32_t cccmIdx = 0; cccmIdx < TOTAL_NUM_CCCM_MODES; cccmIdx++)
#else
  for (uint32_t cccmIdx = 0; cccmIdx < CCCM_NUM_MODES; cccmIdx++)
#endif
  {
#if JVET_AC0147_CCCM_NO_SUBSAMPLING
    m_cccmStorage[0][cccmIdx].destroy();
    m_cccmStorage[1][cccmIdx].destroy();
#else
    m_cccmStorage[cccmIdx].destroy();
#endif
  }
#endif

  m_tmpStorageLCU.destroy();
  m_colorTransResiBuf.destroy();
  
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LUMA_MODE; i++)
  {
    delete[] m_intraPredBuf[i];
    m_intraPredBuf[i] = nullptr;
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < SGPM_NUM; i++)
  {
    delete[] m_sgpmPredBuf[i];
    m_sgpmPredBuf[i] = nullptr;
  }
#endif

  m_isInitialized = false;
  if (m_truncBinBits != nullptr)
  {
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < m_symbolSize; i++)
    {
      delete[] m_truncBinBits[i];
      m_truncBinBits[i] = nullptr;
    }
    delete[] m_truncBinBits;
    m_truncBinBits = nullptr;
  }
  if (m_escapeNumBins != nullptr)
  {
    delete[] m_escapeNumBins;
    m_escapeNumBins = nullptr;
  }
  if (m_indexError[0] != nullptr)
  {
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < (MAXPLTSIZE + 1); i++)
    {
      delete[] m_indexError[i];
      m_indexError[i] = nullptr;
    }
  }
  if (m_minErrorIndexMap != nullptr)
  {
    delete[] m_minErrorIndexMap;
    m_minErrorIndexMap = nullptr;
  }
  if (m_statePtRDOQ[0] != nullptr)
  {
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < NUM_TRELLIS_STATE; i++)
    {
      delete[] m_statePtRDOQ[i];
      m_statePtRDOQ[i] = nullptr;
    }
  }
}

IntraSearch::~IntraSearch()
{
  if( m_isInitialized )
  {
    destroy();
  }
}

void IntraSearch::init( EncCfg*        pcEncCfg,
#if JVET_V0094_BILATERAL_FILTER || JVET_X0071_CHROMA_BILATERAL_FILTER
                       BilateralFilter* bilateralFilter,
#endif
                        TrQuant*       pcTrQuant,
                        RdCost*        pcRdCost,
                        CABACWriter*   CABACEstimator,
                        CtxCache*      ctxCache,
                        const uint32_t     maxCUWidth,
                        const uint32_t     maxCUHeight,
                        const uint32_t     maxTotalCUDepth
                       , EncReshape*   pcReshape
                       , const unsigned bitDepthY
)
{
  CHECK(m_isInitialized, "Already initialized");
  m_pcEncCfg                     = pcEncCfg;
#if JVET_V0094_BILATERAL_FILTER || JVET_X0071_CHROMA_BILATERAL_FILTER
  m_bilateralFilter              = bilateralFilter;
#endif
  m_pcTrQuant                    = pcTrQuant;
  m_pcRdCost                     = pcRdCost;
  m_CABACEstimator               = CABACEstimator;
  m_ctxCache                     = ctxCache;
  m_pcReshape                    = pcReshape;

  const ChromaFormat cform = pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc();

  IntraPrediction::init( cform, pcEncCfg->getBitDepth( CHANNEL_TYPE_LUMA ) );
  m_tmpStorageLCU.create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)));
  m_colorTransResiBuf.create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)));

#if JVET_AC0119_LM_CHROMA_FUSION
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 2; i++)
  {
    m_predStorage[i].create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)));
  }
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; i++)
  {
    m_fusionStorage[i].create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)));
  }
#endif

#if JVET_AD0120_LBCCP
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < LBCCP_FILTER_MMLMNUM; i++)
  {
    m_lmPredFiltStorage[i].create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, MAX_CU_SIZE, MAX_CU_SIZE)));
  }
#endif

#if JVET_AB0143_CCCM_TS
#if JVET_AD0202_CCCM_MDF
  for (uint32_t cccmIdx = 0; cccmIdx < TOTAL_NUM_CCCM_MODES; cccmIdx++)
#else
  for (uint32_t cccmIdx = 0; cccmIdx < CCCM_NUM_MODES; cccmIdx++)
#endif
  {
#if JVET_AC0147_CCCM_NO_SUBSAMPLING
    m_cccmStorage[0][cccmIdx].create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)));
    m_cccmStorage[1][cccmIdx].create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)));
#else
    m_cccmStorage[cccmIdx].create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, MAX_CU_SIZE, MAX_CU_SIZE)));
#endif
  }
#endif
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LUMA_MODE; i++)
  {
    m_intraPredBuf[i] = new Pel[GEO_MAX_CU_SIZE_EX * GEO_MAX_CU_SIZE_EX];
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < SGPM_NUM; i++)
  {
    m_sgpmPredBuf[i] = new Pel[GEO_MAX_CU_SIZE_EX * GEO_MAX_CU_SIZE_EX];
  }
#endif

  for( uint32_t ch = 0; ch < MAX_NUM_TBLOCKS; ch++ )
  {
    m_pSharedPredTransformSkip[ch] = new Pel[maxCUWidth * maxCUHeight];
  }

  uint32_t numWidths  = gp_sizeIdxInfo->numWidths();
  uint32_t numHeights = gp_sizeIdxInfo->numHeights();

  const uint32_t uiNumLayersToAllocateSplit = 1;
  const uint32_t uiNumLayersToAllocateFull  = 1;

  m_pBestCS = new CodingStructure**[numWidths];
  m_pTempCS = new CodingStructure**[numWidths];

  m_pFullCS  = new CodingStructure***[numWidths];
  m_pSplitCS = new CodingStructure***[numWidths];

  for( uint32_t width = 0; width < numWidths; width++ )
  {
    m_pBestCS[width] = new CodingStructure*[numHeights];
    m_pTempCS[width] = new CodingStructure*[numHeights];

    m_pFullCS [width] = new CodingStructure**[numHeights];
    m_pSplitCS[width] = new CodingStructure**[numHeights];

    for( uint32_t height = 0; height < numHeights; height++ )
    {
      if(  gp_sizeIdxInfo->isCuSize( gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom( width ) ) && gp_sizeIdxInfo->isCuSize( gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom( height ) )
        && gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width) <= maxCUWidth && gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height) <= maxCUHeight)
      {
        m_pBestCS[width][height] = new CodingStructure( m_unitCache.cuCache, m_unitCache.puCache, m_unitCache.tuCache );
        m_pTempCS[width][height] = new CodingStructure( m_unitCache.cuCache, m_unitCache.puCache, m_unitCache.tuCache );

#if JVET_Z0118_GDR
        m_pBestCS[width][height]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode(), pcEncCfg->getGdrEnabled());
        m_pTempCS[width][height]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode(), pcEncCfg->getGdrEnabled());
#else
        m_pBestCS[width][height]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode());
        m_pTempCS[width][height]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode());
#endif

        m_pFullCS [width][height] = new CodingStructure*[uiNumLayersToAllocateFull];
        m_pSplitCS[width][height] = new CodingStructure*[uiNumLayersToAllocateSplit];

        for( uint32_t layer = 0; layer < uiNumLayersToAllocateFull; layer++ )
        {
          m_pFullCS [width][height][layer] = new CodingStructure( m_unitCache.cuCache, m_unitCache.puCache, m_unitCache.tuCache );

#if JVET_Z0118_GDR
          m_pFullCS[width][height][layer]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode(), pcEncCfg->getGdrEnabled());
#else
          m_pFullCS[width][height][layer]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode());
#endif
        }

        for( uint32_t layer = 0; layer < uiNumLayersToAllocateSplit; layer++ )
        {
          m_pSplitCS[width][height][layer] = new CodingStructure( m_unitCache.cuCache, m_unitCache.puCache, m_unitCache.tuCache );
#if JVET_Z0118_GDR
          m_pSplitCS[width][height][layer]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode(), pcEncCfg->getGdrEnabled());
#else
          m_pSplitCS[width][height][layer]->create(m_pcEncCfg->getChromaFormatIdc(), Area(0, 0, gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(width), gp_sizeIdxInfo->sizeFrom(height)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode());
#endif
        }
      }
      else
      {
        m_pBestCS[width][height] = nullptr;
        m_pTempCS[width][height] = nullptr;

        m_pFullCS [width][height] = nullptr;
        m_pSplitCS[width][height] = nullptr;
      }
    }
  }

  const int uiNumSaveLayersToAllocate = 2;

  m_pSaveCS = new CodingStructure*[uiNumSaveLayersToAllocate];

  for( uint32_t depth = 0; depth < uiNumSaveLayersToAllocate; depth++ )
  {
    m_pSaveCS[depth] = new CodingStructure( m_unitCache.cuCache, m_unitCache.puCache, m_unitCache.tuCache );
#if JVET_Z0118_GDR
    m_pSaveCS[depth]->create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode(), pcEncCfg->getGdrEnabled());
#else
    m_pSaveCS[depth]->create(UnitArea(cform, Area(0, 0, maxCUWidth, maxCUHeight)), false, (bool)pcEncCfg->getPLTMode());
#endif
  }

  m_isInitialized = true;
  if (pcEncCfg->getPLTMode())
  {
    m_symbolSize = (1 << bitDepthY); // pixel values are within [0, SymbolSize-1] with size SymbolSize
    if (m_truncBinBits == nullptr)
    {
      m_truncBinBits = new uint16_t*[m_symbolSize];
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < m_symbolSize; i++)
      {
        m_truncBinBits[i] = new uint16_t[m_symbolSize + 1];
      }
    }
    if (m_escapeNumBins == nullptr)
    {
      m_escapeNumBins = new uint16_t[m_symbolSize];
    }
    initTBCTable(bitDepthY);
    if (m_indexError[0] == nullptr)
    {
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < (MAXPLTSIZE + 1); i++)
      {
        m_indexError[i] = new double[MAX_CU_BLKSIZE_PLT*MAX_CU_BLKSIZE_PLT];
      }
    }
    if (m_minErrorIndexMap == nullptr)
    {
      m_minErrorIndexMap = new uint8_t[MAX_CU_BLKSIZE_PLT*MAX_CU_BLKSIZE_PLT];
    }
    if (m_statePtRDOQ[0] == nullptr)
    {
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < NUM_TRELLIS_STATE; i++)
      {
        m_statePtRDOQ[i] = new uint8_t[MAX_CU_BLKSIZE_PLT*MAX_CU_BLKSIZE_PLT];
      }
    }
  }
#if INTRA_TRANS_ENC_OPT
  m_skipTimdLfnstMtsPass = false;
#endif
}


//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// INTRA PREDICTION
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#if !INTRA_RM_SMALL_BLOCK_SIZE_CONSTRAINTS
static constexpr double COST_UNKNOWN = -65536.0;

double IntraSearch::findInterCUCost( CodingUnit &cu )
{
  if( cu.isConsIntra() && !cu.slice->isIntra() )
  {
    //search corresponding inter CU cost
    for( int i = 0; i < m_numCuInSCIPU; i++ )
    {
      if( cu.lumaPos() == m_cuAreaInSCIPU[i].pos() && cu.lumaSize() == m_cuAreaInSCIPU[i].size() )
      {
        return m_cuCostInSCIPU[i];
      }
    }
  }
  return COST_UNKNOWN;
}
#endif
#if JVET_W0103_INTRA_MTS
bool IntraSearch::testISPforCurrCU(const CodingUnit &cu)
{
  CodingStructure       &cs = *cu.cs;
  auto &pu = *cu.firstPU;
  const CompArea &area = pu.Y();
  PelBuf piOrg = cs.getOrgBuf(area);

  Pel* pOrg = piOrg.buf;
  int uiWidth = area.width;
  int uiHeight = area.height;
  int iStride = piOrg.stride;
  int Gsum = 0;
  int nPix = (uiWidth - 2) * (uiHeight - 2);
  for (int y = 1; y < (uiHeight - 1); y++)
  {
    for (int x = 1; x < (uiWidth - 1); x++)
    {
      const Pel *p = pOrg + y * iStride + x;

      int iDy = p[-iStride - 1] + 2 * p[-1] + p[iStride - 1] - p[-iStride + 1] - 2 * p[+1] - p[iStride + 1];
      int iDx = p[iStride - 1] + 2 * p[iStride] + p[iStride + 1] - p[-iStride - 1] - 2 * p[-iStride] - p[-iStride + 1];

      if (iDy == 0 && iDx == 0)
        continue;

      int iAmp = (int)(abs(iDx) + abs(iDy));
      Gsum += iAmp;
    }
  }
  Gsum = (Gsum + (nPix >> 1)) / nPix;

  bool testISP = true;
  CHECK(m_numModesISPRDO != -1, "m_numModesISPRDO!=-1");

  m_numModesISPRDO = (Gsum < 50 && uiWidth >= 16 && uiHeight >= 16) ? 1 : 2;
  return testISP;
}
#endif
bool IntraSearch::estIntraPredLumaQT(CodingUnit &cu, Partitioner &partitioner, const double bestCostSoFar, bool mtsCheckRangeFlag, int mtsFirstCheckId, int mtsLastCheckId, bool moreProbMTSIdxFirst, CodingStructure* bestCS)
{
  CodingStructure       &cs            = *cu.cs;
  const SPS             &sps           = *cs.sps;
  const uint32_t             uiWidthBit    = floorLog2(partitioner.currArea().lwidth() );
  const uint32_t             uiHeightBit   =                   floorLog2(partitioner.currArea().lheight());

  // Lambda calculation at equivalent Qp of 4 is recommended because at that Qp, the quantization divisor is 1.
  const double sqrtLambdaForFirstPass = m_pcRdCost->getMotionLambda( ) * FRAC_BITS_SCALE;

  //===== loop over partitions =====

  const TempCtx ctxStart           ( m_ctxCache, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() );
  const TempCtx ctxStartMipFlag    ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx( Ctx::MipFlag,          m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() ) );
#if JVET_V0130_INTRA_TMP
  const TempCtx ctxStartTpmFlag    ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::TmpFlag, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
#endif
#if JVET_AD0086_ENHANCED_INTRA_TMP
  const TempCtx ctxStartTpmIdx     ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::TmpIdx, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
  const TempCtx ctxStartTpmFusionFlag(m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::TmpFusion, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
#endif

#if JVET_W0123_TIMD_FUSION
  const TempCtx ctxStartTimdFlag   ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx( Ctx::TimdFlag,      m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() ) );
#endif
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
  const TempCtx ctxStartSgpmFlag   ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::SgpmFlag, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
#endif

  const TempCtx ctxStartIspMode    ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx( Ctx::ISPMode,          m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() ) );
#if SECONDARY_MPM
  const TempCtx ctxStartMPMIdxFlag ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaMPMIdx, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
#endif
  const TempCtx ctxStartPlanarFlag ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx( Ctx::IntraLumaPlanarFlag, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() ) );
  const TempCtx ctxStartIntraMode  ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaMpmFlag, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
#if SECONDARY_MPM
  const TempCtx ctxStartIntraMode2 ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaSecondMpmFlag, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
#if JVET_AD0085_MPM_SORTING
  const TempCtx ctxStartMpmIdx2    ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaSecondMpmIdx, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()) );
#endif
#endif
  const TempCtx ctxStartMrlIdx     ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx( Ctx::MultiRefLineIdx,        m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() ) );
#if JVET_AB0157_TMRL
  const TempCtx ctxStartTmrlDerive ( m_ctxCache, SubCtx(Ctx::TmrlDerive, m_CABACEstimator->getCtx()));
#endif

  // NB xFracModeBitsIntra will not affect the mode for chroma that may have already been pre-estimated.
  auto loadStartStates = [&]()
  {
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::MipFlag, ctxStartMipFlag);
#if JVET_V0130_INTRA_TMP
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::TmpFlag, ctxStartTpmFlag);
#endif
#if JVET_AD0086_ENHANCED_INTRA_TMP
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::TmpIdx, ctxStartTpmIdx);
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::TmpFusion, ctxStartTpmFusionFlag);
#endif
#if JVET_W0123_TIMD_FUSION
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::TimdFlag, ctxStartTimdFlag);
#endif
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::SgpmFlag, ctxStartSgpmFlag);
#endif

    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::ISPMode, ctxStartIspMode);
#if SECONDARY_MPM
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaMPMIdx, ctxStartMPMIdxFlag);
#endif
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaPlanarFlag, ctxStartPlanarFlag);
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaMpmFlag, ctxStartIntraMode);
#if SECONDARY_MPM
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaSecondMpmFlag, ctxStartIntraMode2);
#if JVET_AD0085_MPM_SORTING
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::IntraLumaSecondMpmIdx, ctxStartMpmIdx2);
#endif
#endif
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::MultiRefLineIdx, ctxStartMrlIdx);
#if JVET_AB0157_TMRL
    m_CABACEstimator->getCtx() = SubCtx(Ctx::TmrlDerive, ctxStartTmrlDerive);
#endif
  };

  CHECK( !cu.firstPU, "CU has no PUs" );
  // variables for saving fast intra modes scan results across multiple LFNST passes
  bool LFNSTLoadFlag = sps.getUseLFNST() && cu.lfnstIdx != 0;
  bool LFNSTSaveFlag = sps.getUseLFNST() && cu.lfnstIdx == 0;

  LFNSTSaveFlag &= sps.getUseIntraMTS() ? cu.mtsFlag == 0 : true;
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
  bool SGPMSaveFlag = (cu.lfnstIdx == 0 && cu.mtsFlag == 0);
#endif

  const uint32_t lfnstIdx = cu.lfnstIdx;
#if !INTRA_RM_SMALL_BLOCK_SIZE_CONSTRAINTS
  double costInterCU = findInterCUCost( cu );
#endif
  const int width  = partitioner.currArea().lwidth();
  const int height = partitioner.currArea().lheight();

  // Marking MTS usage for faster MTS
  // 0: MTS is either not applicable for current CU (cuWidth > MTS_INTRA_MAX_CU_SIZE or cuHeight > MTS_INTRA_MAX_CU_SIZE), not active in the config file or the fast decision algorithm is not used in this case
  // 1: MTS fast algorithm can be applied for the current CU, and the DCT2 is being checked
  // 2: MTS is being checked for current CU. Stored results of DCT2 can be utilized for speedup
  uint8_t mtsUsageFlag = 0;
  const int maxSizeEMT = MTS_INTRA_MAX_CU_SIZE;
  if( width <= maxSizeEMT && height <= maxSizeEMT && sps.getUseIntraMTS() )
  {
    mtsUsageFlag = ( sps.getUseLFNST() && cu.mtsFlag == 1 ) ? 2 : 1;
  }

  if( width * height < 64 && !m_pcEncCfg->getUseFastLFNST() )
  {
    mtsUsageFlag = 0;
  }

#if JVET_W0103_INTRA_MTS
  if (!cu.mtsFlag && !cu.lfnstIdx)
  {
    m_globalBestCostStore = MAX_DOUBLE;
    m_globalBestCostValid = false;
    if (bestCS->getCU(partitioner.chType) != NULL && bestCS->getCU(partitioner.chType)->predMode != MODE_INTRA && bestCostSoFar != MAX_DOUBLE)
    {
      m_globalBestCostStore = bestCostSoFar;
      m_globalBestCostValid = true;
    }
#if JVET_Y0142_ADAPT_INTRA_MTS
    m_modesForMTS.clear();
    m_modesCoeffAbsSumDCT2.clear();
#endif
#if JVET_AE0169_BIPREDICTIVE_IBC
    m_bestIntraSADHADCost = MAX_DOUBLE;
#endif
#if JVET_AD0208_IBC_ADAPT_FOR_CAM_CAPTURED_CONTENTS
    m_bestIntraSADCost = MAX_DOUBLE;
#endif
  }
#endif

  const bool colorTransformIsEnabled = sps.getUseColorTrans() && !CS::isDualITree(cs);
  const bool isFirstColorSpace       = colorTransformIsEnabled && ((m_pcEncCfg->getRGBFormatFlag() && cu.colorTransform) || (!m_pcEncCfg->getRGBFormatFlag() && !cu.colorTransform));
  const bool isSecondColorSpace      = colorTransformIsEnabled && ((m_pcEncCfg->getRGBFormatFlag() && !cu.colorTransform) || (!m_pcEncCfg->getRGBFormatFlag() && cu.colorTransform));

  double bestCurrentCost = bestCostSoFar;
  bool ispCanBeUsed   = sps.getUseISP() && cu.mtsFlag == 0 && cu.lfnstIdx == 0 && CU::canUseISP(width, height, cu.cs->sps->getMaxTbSize());
  bool saveDataForISP = ispCanBeUsed && (!colorTransformIsEnabled || isFirstColorSpace);
  bool testISP        = ispCanBeUsed && (!colorTransformIsEnabled || !cu.colorTransform);

#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
  const bool sgpmAllowed = sps.getUseSgpm() && isLuma(partitioner.chType);
  bool testSgpm = sgpmAllowed && cu.lwidth() >= GEO_MIN_CU_SIZE_EX && cu.lheight() >= GEO_MIN_CU_SIZE_EX
                  && cu.lwidth() <= GEO_MAX_CU_SIZE_EX && cu.lheight() <= GEO_MAX_CU_SIZE_EX
                  && cu.lwidth() < 8 * cu.lheight() && cu.lheight() < 8 * cu.lwidth() && cu.lx() && cu.ly()
                  && cu.lwidth() * cu.lheight() >= SGPM_MIN_PIX;
#endif

#if JVET_W0103_INTRA_MTS 
  if (testISP && m_pcEncCfg->getUseFastISP())
  {
    m_numModesISPRDO = -1;
    testISP &= testISPforCurrCU(cu);
  }
#endif
  if ( saveDataForISP )
  {
    //reset the intra modes lists variables
    m_ispCandListHor.clear();
    m_ispCandListVer.clear();
  }
  if( testISP )
  {
    //reset the variables used for the tests
    m_regIntraRDListWithCosts.clear();
    int numTotalPartsHor = (int)width  >> floorLog2(CU::getISPSplitDim(width, height, TU_1D_VERT_SPLIT));
    int numTotalPartsVer = (int)height >> floorLog2(CU::getISPSplitDim(width, height, TU_1D_HORZ_SPLIT));
    m_ispTestedModes[0].init( numTotalPartsHor, numTotalPartsVer );
    //the total number of subpartitions is modified to take into account the cases where LFNST cannot be combined with ISP due to size restrictions
    numTotalPartsHor = sps.getUseLFNST() && CU::canUseLfnstWithISP(cu.Y(), HOR_INTRA_SUBPARTITIONS) ? numTotalPartsHor : 0;
    numTotalPartsVer = sps.getUseLFNST() && CU::canUseLfnstWithISP(cu.Y(), VER_INTRA_SUBPARTITIONS) ? numTotalPartsVer : 0;
    for (int j = 1; j < NUM_LFNST_NUM_PER_SET; j++)
    {
      m_ispTestedModes[j].init(numTotalPartsHor, numTotalPartsVer);
    }
  }

#if INTRA_TRANS_ENC_OPT
  double regAngCost = MAX_DOUBLE;
  bool setSkipTimdControl = (m_pcEncCfg->getIntraPeriod() == 1) && !cu.lfnstIdx && !cu.mtsFlag;
  double timdAngCost = MAX_DOUBLE;
#endif
  const bool testBDPCM = sps.getBDPCMEnabledFlag() && CU::bdpcmAllowed(cu, ComponentID(partitioner.chType)) && cu.mtsFlag == 0 && cu.lfnstIdx == 0;
  static_vector<ModeInfo, FAST_UDI_MAX_RDMODE_NUM> uiHadModeList;
  static_vector<double, FAST_UDI_MAX_RDMODE_NUM> candCostList;
  static_vector<double, FAST_UDI_MAX_RDMODE_NUM> CandHadList;

  auto &pu = *cu.firstPU;
  bool validReturn = false;
  {
    CandHadList.clear();
    candCostList.clear();
    uiHadModeList.clear();

    CHECK(pu.cu != &cu, "PU is not contained in the CU");


    //===== determine set of modes to be tested (using prediction signal only) =====
    int numModesAvailable = NUM_LUMA_MODE; // total number of Intra modes
    const bool fastMip    = sps.getUseMIP() && m_pcEncCfg->getUseFastMIP();
    const bool mipAllowed = sps.getUseMIP() && isLuma(partitioner.chType) && ((cu.lfnstIdx == 0) || allowLfnstWithMip(cu.firstPU->lumaSize()));
    const bool testMip = mipAllowed && !(cu.lwidth() > (8 * cu.lheight()) || cu.lheight() > (8 * cu.lwidth()));
    const bool supportedMipBlkSize = pu.lwidth() <= MIP_MAX_WIDTH && pu.lheight() <= MIP_MAX_HEIGHT;
#if JVET_V0130_INTRA_TMP
    const bool tpmAllowed = sps.getUseIntraTMP() && isLuma(partitioner.chType) && ((cu.lfnstIdx == 0) || allowLfnstWithTmp());
    const bool testTpm = tpmAllowed && (cu.lwidth() <= sps.getIntraTMPMaxSize() && cu.lheight() <= sps.getIntraTMPMaxSize());
#endif

    static_vector<ModeInfo, FAST_UDI_MAX_RDMODE_NUM> uiRdModeList;

    int numModesForFullRD = 3;
    numModesForFullRD = g_aucIntraModeNumFast_UseMPM_2D[uiWidthBit - MIN_CU_LOG2][uiHeightBit - MIN_CU_LOG2];
#if JVET_AD0208_IBC_ADAPT_FOR_CAM_CAPTURED_CONTENTS
    if (m_pcEncCfg->getIBCFastMethod() & IBC_FAST_METHOD_NONSCC)
    {
      numModesForFullRD = (numModesForFullRD > 1) ? (numModesForFullRD - 1) : numModesForFullRD;
    }
#endif
#if INTRA_FULL_SEARCH
    numModesForFullRD = numModesAvailable;
#endif
#if ENABLE_DIMD
    bool bestDimdMode = false;
#endif
#if JVET_W0123_TIMD_FUSION
    bool bestTimdMode = false;
#endif
#if JVET_AC0105_DIRECTIONAL_PLANAR
    uint8_t bestPlMode = 0;
#endif
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
    bool bestSgpmMode = false;
    const CompArea &area = pu.Y();
    CompArea tmpArea(COMPONENT_Y, area.chromaFormat, Position(0, 0), area.size());
#endif
#if JVET_AC0115_INTRA_TMP_DIMD_MTS_LFNST 
    int intraTmpDimdMode = 0;
#endif 

    if (isSecondColorSpace)
    {
      uiRdModeList.clear();
      if (m_numSavedRdModeFirstColorSpace[m_savedRdModeIdx] > 0)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i < m_numSavedRdModeFirstColorSpace[m_savedRdModeIdx]; i++)
        {
          uiRdModeList.push_back(m_savedRdModeFirstColorSpace[m_savedRdModeIdx][i]);
        }
      }
      else
      {
        return false;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      if (mtsUsageFlag != 2)
      {
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
        if (testSgpm && SGPMSaveFlag)
        {
          for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LUMA_MODE; i++)
          {
            m_intraModeReady[i] = 0;
          }
        }
#endif
        // this should always be true
        CHECK(!pu.Y().valid(), "PU is not valid");
#if !JVET_AB0157_TMRL || JVET_AD0082_TMRL_CONFIG
        bool isFirstLineOfCtu     = (((pu.block(COMPONENT_Y).y) & ((pu.cs->sps)->getMaxCUWidth() - 1)) == 0);
#if JVET_Y0116_EXTENDED_MRL_LIST
        int  numOfPassesExtendRef = MRL_NUM_REF_LINES;
        if (!sps.getUseMRL() || isFirstLineOfCtu) 
        {
          numOfPassesExtendRef = 1;
        }
        else
        {
          bool checkLineOutsideCtu[MRL_NUM_REF_LINES - 1];
          for (int mrlIdx = 1; mrlIdx < MRL_NUM_REF_LINES; mrlIdx++)
          {
            bool isLineOutsideCtu =
              ((cu.block(COMPONENT_Y).y) % ((cu.cs->sps)->getMaxCUWidth()) <= MULTI_REF_LINE_IDX[mrlIdx]) ? true
                                                                                                          : false;
            checkLineOutsideCtu[mrlIdx-1] = isLineOutsideCtu;
          }
          if (checkLineOutsideCtu[0]) 
          {
            numOfPassesExtendRef = 1;
          }
          else
          {
            for (int mrlIdx = MRL_NUM_REF_LINES - 2; mrlIdx > 0; mrlIdx--)
            {
              if (checkLineOutsideCtu[mrlIdx] && !checkLineOutsideCtu[mrlIdx - 1])
              {
                numOfPassesExtendRef = mrlIdx + 1;
                break;
              }
            }
          }
        }
#else
        int  numOfPassesExtendRef = ((!sps.getUseMRL() || isFirstLineOfCtu) ? 1 : MRL_NUM_REF_LINES);
#endif
#endif
        pu.multiRefIdx            = 0;
#if JVET_AB0157_TMRL
        cu.tmrlFlag = false;
#endif

        if (numModesForFullRD != numModesAvailable)
        {
          CHECK(numModesForFullRD >= numModesAvailable, "Too many modes for full RD search");
#if !JVET_AB0155_SGPM
          const CompArea &area = pu.Y();
#endif

          PelBuf piOrg  = cs.getOrgBuf(area);
          PelBuf piPred = cs.getPredBuf(area);

          DistParam distParamSad;
          DistParam distParamHad;
          if (cu.slice->getLmcsEnabledFlag() && m_pcReshape->getCTUFlag())
          {
#if !JVET_AB0155_SGPM
            CompArea tmpArea(COMPONENT_Y, area.chromaFormat, Position(0, 0), area.size());
#endif
            PelBuf   tmpOrg = m_tmpStorageLCU.getBuf(tmpArea);
            tmpOrg.rspSignal( piOrg, m_pcReshape->getFwdLUT() );
            m_pcRdCost->setDistParam(distParamSad, tmpOrg, piPred, sps.getBitDepth(CHANNEL_TYPE_LUMA), COMPONENT_Y,
                                     false);   // Use SAD cost
            m_pcRdCost->setDistParam(distParamHad, tmpOrg, piPred, sps.getBitDepth(CHANNEL_TYPE_LUMA), COMPONENT_Y,
                                     true);   // Use HAD (SATD) cost
          }
          else
          {
            m_pcRdCost->setDistParam(distParamSad, piOrg, piPred, sps.getBitDepth(CHANNEL_TYPE_LUMA), COMPONENT_Y,
                                     false);   // Use SAD cost
            m_pcRdCost->setDistParam(distParamHad, piOrg, piPred, sps.getBitDepth(CHANNEL_TYPE_LUMA), COMPONENT_Y,
                                     true);   // Use HAD (SATD) cost
          }

          distParamSad.applyWeight = false;
          distParamHad.applyWeight = false;

          if (testMip && supportedMipBlkSize)
          {
            numModesForFullRD += fastMip
                                   ? std::max(numModesForFullRD, floorLog2(std::min(pu.lwidth(), pu.lheight())) - 1)
                                   : numModesForFullRD;
          }
#if JVET_V0130_INTRA_TMP
#if JVET_AB0130_ITMP_SAMPLING
          if (testTpm && !m_pcEncCfg->getUseFastIntraTMP())
#else
          if( testTpm )
#endif
          {
            numModesForFullRD += 1; // testing tpm
          }
          const int numHadCand = (testMip ? 2 : 1) * 3 + testTpm;
          
          cu.tmpFlag = false;
#else
          const int numHadCand = (testMip ? 2 : 1) * 3;
#endif

#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
          static_vector<SgpmInfo, SGPM_NUM> sgpmInfoList;
          static_vector<double, SGPM_NUM>   sgpmCostList;
          int                               sgpmNeededMode[NUM_LUMA_MODE] = {0};

          if (testSgpm && SGPMSaveFlag)
          {
            deriveSgpmModeOrdered(bestCS->picture->getRecoBuf(area), area, cu, sgpmInfoList, sgpmCostList);
            for (int sgpmIdx = 0; sgpmIdx < SGPM_NUM; sgpmIdx++)
            {
              int      sgpmMode[2];
              sgpmMode[0]                 = sgpmInfoList[sgpmIdx].sgpmMode0;
              sgpmMode[1]                 = sgpmInfoList[sgpmIdx].sgpmMode1;
              sgpmNeededMode[sgpmMode[0]] = 1;
              sgpmNeededMode[sgpmMode[1]] = 1;
            }
          }
#endif

#if JVET_AB0157_TMRL
          double tmrlCostList[MRL_LIST_SIZE]{ MAX_DOUBLE };
#endif
#if JVET_AC0105_DIRECTIONAL_PLANAR
          double dirPlanarCostList[2]{ MAX_DOUBLE };
#endif

          //*** Derive (regular) candidates using Hadamard
          cu.mipFlag = false;

          //===== init pattern for luma prediction =====
#if JVET_AB0157_INTRA_FUSION && JVET_AB0155_SGPM
          initIntraPatternChType(cu, pu.Y(), true, 0, false);
#elif JVET_AB0157_INTRA_FUSION
          initIntraPatternChType(cu, pu.Y(), true, false);
#else
          initIntraPatternChType(cu, pu.Y(), true);
#endif
          bool bSatdChecked[NUM_INTRA_MODE];
          memset(bSatdChecked, 0, sizeof(bSatdChecked));

          if (!LFNSTLoadFlag)
          {
            for (int modeIdx = 0; modeIdx < numModesAvailable; modeIdx++)
            {
              uint32_t   uiMode    = modeIdx;
              Distortion minSadHad = 0;

              // Skip checking extended Angular modes in the first round of SATD
              if (uiMode > DC_IDX && (uiMode & 1))
              {
                continue;
              }

              bSatdChecked[uiMode] = true;

              pu.intraDir[0] = modeIdx;

              initPredIntraParams(pu, pu.Y(), sps);
#if JVET_AB0157_INTRA_FUSION
              predIntraAng(COMPONENT_Y, piPred, pu, false);
#else
              predIntraAng(COMPONENT_Y, piPred, pu);
#endif
#if JVET_AB0155_SGPM
              if (testSgpm && SGPMSaveFlag && sgpmNeededMode[uiMode])
              {
                PelBuf   predBuf(m_intraPredBuf[uiMode], tmpArea);
                predBuf.copyFrom(piPred);
                m_intraModeReady[uiMode] = 1;
              }
#endif